Worldwide, there are plants known as psychoactive plants that naturally contain psychedelic active components. They have a high concentration of neuroprotective substances that can interact with the nervous system to produce psychedelic effects. Despite these plants' hazardous potential, recreational use of them is on the rise because of their psychoactive properties. Early neuroscience studies relied heavily on psychoactive plants and plant natural products (NPs), and both recreational and hazardous NPs have contributed significantly to the understanding of almost all neurotransmitter systems. Worldwide, there are many plants that contain psychoactive properties, and people have been using them for ages. Psychoactive plant compounds may significantly alter how people perceive the world.
1. J Sep Sci. 2018 May;41(9):1938-1946. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201701485. Epub 2018 Feb 22. Simultaneous analysis of tropane alkaloids in teas and herbal teas by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (Orbitrap). Romera-Torres A(1), Romero-González R(1), Martínez Vidal JL(1), Garrido Frenich A(1). Author information: (1)Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, University of Almería, Almería, Spain. A new method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 13 tropane alkaloids in tea and herbal teas using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to an Exactive-Orbitrap analyzer. A mixture of methanol, water, and formic acid was used for the extraction of the target compounds followed by a solid-phase extraction step. The validated method provided recoveries from 75 to 128% with intra- and interday precision lower than or equal to 24% (except for apoatropine). Limits of quantification ranged from 5 to 20 μg/kg. Eleven tea and herbal tea samples and two contaminated samples with Datura stramonium seeds were analyzed. Tropane alkaloids were detected in six samples with concentrations from 5 (apoatropine) to 4340 μg/kg (sum of physoperuvine, pseudotropine, and tropine), whereas concentrations from 5 (apoatropine) to 1725 μg/kg (sum of physoperuvine, pseudotropine, and tropine) were found in the contaminated samples. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701485 PMID: 29359500 [Indexed for MEDLINE] 2. J Chromatogr A. 2017 Oct 6;1518:46-58. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.08.052. Epub 2017 Aug 25. Multi-analysis determination of tropane alkaloids in cereals and solanaceaes seeds by liquid chromatography coupled to single stage Exactive-Orbitrap. Marín-Sáez J(1), Romero-González R(1), Garrido Frenich A(2). Author information: (1)Department of Chemistry and Physics, Analytical Chemistry Area, University of Almería Research Centre for Agricultural Food Biotechnology (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, E-04120 Almería, Spain. (2)Department of Chemistry and Physics, Analytical Chemistry Area, University of Almería Research Centre for Agricultural Food Biotechnology (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, E-04120 Almería, Spain. Electronic address: agarrido@ual.es. Tropane alkaloids are a wide group of substances that comprises more than 200 compounds occurring especially in the Solanaceae family. The main aim of this study is the development of a method for the analysis of the principal tropane alkaloids as atropine, scopolamine, anisodamine, tropane, tropine, littorine, homatropine, apoatropine, aposcopolamine, scopoline, tropinone, physoperuvine, pseudotropine and cuscohygrine in cereals and related matrices. For that, a simple solid-liquid extraction was optimized and a liquid chromatographic method coupled to a single stage Exactive-Orbitrap was developed. The method was validated obtaining recoveries in the range of 60-109% (except for some compounds in soy), precision values (expressed as relative standard deviation) lower than 20% and detection and quantification limits equal to or lower than 2 and 3μg/kg respectively. Finally, the method was applied to the analysis of different types of samples as buckwheat, linseed, soy and millet, obtaining positives for anisodamine, scopolamine, atropine, littorine and tropinone in a millet flour sample above the quantification limits, whereas atropine and scopolamine were detected in a buckwheat sample, below the quantification limit. Contaminated samples with Solanaceaes seeds (Datura Stramonium and Brugmansia Arborea) were also analysed, detecting concentrations up to 693μg/kg (scopolamine) for contaminated samples with Brugmansia seeds and 1847μg/kg (atropine) when samples were contaminated with Stramonium seeds. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.08.052 PMID: 28870544 [Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. Org Biomol Chem. 2009 Jul 7;7(13):2678-80. doi: 10.1039/b907341h. Epub 2009 May 13. A stereoselective synthesis of (+)-physoperuvine using a tandem aza-Claisen rearrangement and ring closing metathesis reaction. Zaed AM(1), Swift MD, Sutherland A. Author information: (1)WestChem, Department of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK G12 8QQ. A stereoselective synthesis of (+)-physoperuvine, a tropane alkaloid from Physalis peruviana Linne has been developed using a one-pot tandem aza-Claisen rearrangement and ring closing metathesis reaction to form the key amino-substituted cycloheptene ring. DOI: 10.1039/b907341h PMID: 19532981 [Indexed for MEDLINE]