Psychoactive Plant Database - Neuroactive Phytochemical Collection

1. Front Microbiol. 2022 Jun 17;13:911791. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.911791. 
eCollection 2022.

Effects of Inoculation With Acinetobacter on Fermentation of Cigar Tobacco 
Leaves.

Zheng T(1)(2)(3), Zhang Q(4), Wu Q(1)(2)(3), Li D(4), Wu X(1)(2)(3), Li P(4), 
Zhou Q(4), Cai W(4), Zhang J(1)(2)(3), Du G(1)(2)(3).

Author information:
(1)School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
(2)Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of 
Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
(3)Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
(4)Cigar Fermentation Technology Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, China Tobacco 
Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China.

Metabolic activity of the microbial community greatly affects the quality of 
cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs). To improve the quality of CTLs, two extrinsic 
microbes (Acinetobacter sp. 1H8 and Acinetobacter indicus 3B2) were inoculated 
into CTLs. The quality of CTLs were significantly improved after fermentation. 
The content of solanone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, benzeneacetic acid, ethyl 
ester, cyclohexanone, octanal, acetophenone, and 
3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one were significantly increased after inoculated 
Acinetobacter sp. 1H8. The inoculation of Acinetobacter sp. 1H8 enhanced the 
normal evolutionary trend of bacterial community. The content of 
trimethyl-pyrazine, 2,6-dimethyl-pyrazine, and megastigmatrienone were 
significantly increased after inoculated Acinetobacter indicus 3B2. The 
inoculation of Acinetobacter indicus 3B2 completely changed the original 
bacterial community. Network analysis revealed that Acinetobacter was negatively 
correlated with Aquabacterium, positively correlated with Bacillus, and had 
significant correlations with many volatile flavor compounds. This work may be 
helpful for improving fermentation product quality by regulating microbial 
community, and gain insight into the microbial ecosystem.

Copyright © 2022 Zheng, Zhang, Wu, Li, Wu, Li, Zhou, Cai, Zhang and Du.

DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.911791
PMCID: PMC9248808
PMID: 35783443

Conflict of interest statement: QiZ, DL, PL, QuZ, and WC were employed by China 
Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the 
research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial 
relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.


2. J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Jun 26;67(25):7098-7109. doi:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00591.  Epub 2019 Jun 14.

Effect of Vine Water and Nitrogen Status, as Well as Temperature, on Some Aroma 
Compounds of Aged Red Bordeaux Wines.

Le Menn N(1)(2), van Leeuwen C(3), Picard M(1)(2), Riquier L(1)(2), de Revel 
G(1)(2), Marchand S(1)(2).

Author information:
(1)ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche OENOLOGIE , University of Bordeaux , 
F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon , France.
(2)ISVV, USC 1366 OENOLOGIE , INRA , F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon , France.
(3)ISVV, EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro , INRA, University of Bordeaux , F-33882 
Villenave d'Ornon , France.

Wine aging bouquet is defined as a positive, complex evolution of aromas during 
bottle aging. The aim of this study was to look for the link between some of the 
vine status parameters and the development, during wine aging, of volatile 
compounds such as DMS, tabanones, and some wine aromatic heterocycles. The 
potential influence of air temperature was investigated as well as vine nitrogen 
and water status. Wines were obtained by microvinification from plots of Vitis 
vinifera L. cv. Merlot, Cabernet-Sauvignon, and Cabernet franc, over vintages 
from 1996 to 2007, and cellar-aged until 2014. Wine aging aromas were quantified 
using gas chromotography-mass spectrometry. The effects of the vintage and vine 
water and nitrogen status were greater than the varietal effects. The nine aroma 
compounds measured showed very high levels in the 2003 vintage. The results 
revealed a positive link between vine nitrogen status and dimethyl-sulfide and 
N, S, O-heterocycle levels measured in the aged wines. Levels of 
4-[2-butylidene]-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one and 4-[( 
3E)-1-butylidene]-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (megastigmatrienones; 
tabanone) isomers increased when the vines were affected by a water deficit.

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00591
PMID: 31199133 [Indexed for MEDLINE]


3. R Soc Open Sci. 2018 May 23;5(5):171523. doi: 10.1098/rsos.171523. eCollection
 2018 May.

Improvement of the selectivity of isophorone hydrogenation by Lewis acids.

Hou Y(1), Ren S(2), Niu M(2), Wu W(2).

Author information:
(1)Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, People's 
Republic of China.
(2)State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of 
Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.

The selective hydrogenation of isophorone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2- cyclohexen-1-one) 
to produce 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone (TMCH), an important organic solvent and 
pharmaceutical intermediate, is of significance in industry. However, the 
over-hydrogenation to produce the by-product 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol causes 
issues. Up to now, it is still a challenge to hydrogenate isophorone to TMCH 
with high selectivity. In this work, we found that Lewis acids could inhibit the 
hydrogenation of C=O bond on isophorone, thus greatly improving the selectivity 
towards TMCH. In addition, added solvents like supercritical CO2 also had a 
positive impact on the selectivity. Both the conversion and selectivity could be 
increased to more than 99% when suitable Lewis acid and solvent were employed. 
Nevertheless, Lewis acid also exhibited some inhibition on the hydrogenation of 
the C=C bond of isophorone. Hence, a relatively weak Lewis acid, ZnCl2, is 
suitable for the selective hydrogenation.

DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171523
PMCID: PMC5990831
PMID: 29892356

Conflict of interest statement: We declare we have no competing interests.


4. Zhong Yao Cai. 2013 Aug;36(8):1267-70.

[Non-taxoid chemical constituents from needles of Taxus cuspidata].

[Article in Chinese]

Su J(1), Zhang ML(2), Huo CH(2), Shi QW(2), Wu YB(2).

Author information:
(1)Hebei Provincial Food and Drug Inspection Institute, Shijiazhuang 050011, 
China.
(2)Department of Medicinal Natural Product Chemistry, Hebei Medical University, 
Shijiazhuang 050017, China.

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents in the needles of Taxus cuspidata 
collected from Japan.
METHODS: Chemical constituents were isolated by column chromatography, TLC and 
preparative HPLC. The structures were identified on the basis of NMR spectral 
analysis.
RESULTS: Six non-taxoids were isolated and identified as: 
4-[(1E)-3-hydroxy-1-buten-1-yl]-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (1), 
megastigm-5-ene-3, 9-diol (2), 6alpha-epoxy-7-megastigmen-9-one (3), 
4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone (4), 12-hydroxy-alpha-cyperone (5), 
scutellarein-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (6).
CONCLUSION: Compounds 2 - 6 are isolated from Taxus genus for the first time. 
Compound 1 is obtained from Taxus cuspidata for the first time.

PMID: 24558823 [Indexed for MEDLINE]


5. Nat Prod Commun. 2013 Jan;8(1):59-61.

Microbial transformations of isophorone by Alternaria alternata and Neurospora 
crassa.

Kiran I(1), Ozşen O, Celik T, Ilhan S, Gürsu BY, Demirci F.

Author information:
(1)Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Eskisehir Osmangazi 
University, 26480, Eskişehir, Turkey. ikiran@ogu.edu.tr

Isophorone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one), a monoterpene, and the 
structurally related 1,8-cineole and camphor, have demonstrated a protective 
effect against cancer, biological activity against a variety of microorganisms, 
and anti-oxidant properties. The derivatization of isophorone is, therefore, an 
important field of xenobiochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. The aim of 
this study was to obtain derivatives of isophorone through microbial 
biotransformation and evaluate the biotransformation metabolites as potential 
antimicrobial agents. Incubation of isophorone with the fungi Alternaria 
alternata and Neurospora crassa afforded 4a-hydroxy- and 7-hydroxy-isophorone as 
transformation metabolites. The antimicrobial activities of isophorone and the 
metabolites were evaluated in vitro both by using agar dilution and 
microdilution methods. However, no significant antibacterial activity was 
observed when compared with those of standard substances.

PMID: 23472460 [Indexed for MEDLINE]