Worldwide, there are plants known as psychoactive plants that naturally contain psychedelic active components. They have a high concentration of neuroprotective substances that can interact with the nervous system to produce psychedelic effects. Despite these plants' hazardous potential, recreational use of them is on the rise because of their psychoactive properties. Early neuroscience studies relied heavily on psychoactive plants and plant natural products (NPs), and both recreational and hazardous NPs have contributed significantly to the understanding of almost all neurotransmitter systems. Worldwide, there are many plants that contain psychoactive properties, and people have been using them for ages. Psychoactive plant compounds may significantly alter how people perceive the world.
1. Org Lett. 2016 May 20;18(10):2447-50. doi: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00989. Epub 2016 May 10. Bioinspired Collective Syntheses of Iboga-Type Indole Alkaloids. Zhao G(1), Xie X(1), Sun H(1), Yuan Z(1), Zhong Z(1), Tang S(1), She X(1)(2). Author information: (1)State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China. (2)Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300071, China. We present the application of a bioinspired collective synthesis strategy in the total syntheses of seven iboga-type indole alkaloids: (±)-tabertinggine, (±)-ibogamine, (±)-ibogaine, (±)-ibogaine hydroxyindolenine, (±)-3-oxoibogaine hydroxyindolenine, (±)-iboluteine, and (±)-ervaoffines D. In particular, tabertinggine and its congeners serve as iboga precursors for the subsequent biomimetic transformations into other iboga-type alkaloids. DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00989 PMID: 27160167 2. J Nat Prod. 2014 Aug 22;77(8):1839-46. doi: 10.1021/np500240b. Iboga-Type Alkaloids from Ervatamia officinalis. Tang BQ(1)(2), Wang WJ(2), Huang XJ(2), Li GQ(2), Wang L(2), Jiang RW(2), Yang TT(2), Shi L(2), Zhang XQ(2), Ye WC(1)(2). Author information: (1)Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China. (2)Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China. Seven new iboga-type alkaloids, ervaoffines A-D (1-4), (7S)-3-oxoibogaine hydroxyindolenine (5), ibogaine-5,6-dione (6), and 19-epi-5-oxovoacristine (7), and 10 known alkaloids were isolated from Ervatamia officinalis. The absolute configurations of 1-7 were determined through X-ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses. Ervaoffines A and B represent the first iboga-type pseudoindoxyl alkaloids in which the C-2 spiro carbon configuration is opposite to that of other members of this class, such as iboluteine (8). The relationship between the absolute configuration of the spiro carbons and the Cotton effect in the ECD spectrum is established for the first time for iboga-type pseudoindoxyl and oxindole alkaloids. Additionally, a plausible biogenetic pathway for these alkaloids is proposed. DOI: 10.1021/np500240b PMID: 25093992 [Indexed for MEDLINE] 3. J Anal Toxicol. 2006 Sep;30(7):434-40. doi: 10.1093/jat/30.7.434. Distribution of ibogaine and noribogaine in a man following a poisoning involving root bark of the Tabernanthe iboga shrub. Kontrimaviciūte V(1), Mathieu O, Mathieu-Daudé JC, Vainauskas P, Casper T, Baccino E, Bressolle FM. Author information: (1)Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Montpellier I, France. In the present paper, we report for the first time the tissue distribution of ibogaine and noribogaine, the main metabolite of ibogaine, in a 48-year-old Caucasian male, with a history of drug abuse, found dead at his home after a poisoning involving the ingestion of root bark from the shrub Tabernanthe iboga. Ibogaine and noribogaine were quantified in tissues and fluids using a fully validated liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry method. Apart from cardiac tissue, ibogaine and noribogaine were identified in all matrices investigated. The highest concentrations were found in spleen, liver, brain, and lung. The tissue/subclavian blood concentration ratios averaged 1.78, 3.75, 1.16, and 4.64 for ibogaine and 0.83, 2.43, 0.90, and 2.69 for noribogaine for spleen, liver, brain, and lung, respectively. Very low concentrations of the two drugs were found in the prostatic tissue. Both ibogaine and noribogaine are secreted in the bile and cross the blood-brain barrier. Four other compounds were detected in most of the studied matrices. One of them was identified as ibogamine. Unfortunately, we were not able to positively identify the other three compounds because of the unavailability of reference substances. Two of them could possibly be attributed to the following oxidation products: iboluteine and desmethoxyiboluteine. The third compound could be ibogaline. DOI: 10.1093/jat/30.7.434 PMID: 16959135 [Indexed for MEDLINE] 4. Ann Pharm Fr. 1953 Apr;11(4):272-4. [Ibolutein, new alkaloid extracted from iboga (Tabernanthe iboga H. Bn, Apocynaceae)]. [Article in Undetermined Language] GOUTAREL R, JANOT MM. PMID: 13065910 [Indexed for MEDLINE]