Psychoactive Plant Database - Neuroactive Phytochemical Collection

1. Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Feb 22;12(5):3538-3551. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4022.
eCollection  2024 May.

Behavior, antioxidant, and metabolomics effects of Allium tuncelianum.

Abbak N(1), Nemutlu E(2), Reçber T(2), Gul ASD(1), Akkoyun HT(3), Akkoyun MB(4), 
Yilmaz G(5), Ekin S(6), Bakir A(6), Arihan O(1).

Author information:
(1)Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Hacettepe University Ankara 
Turkey.
(2)Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Hacettepe University 
Ankara Turkey.
(3)Department of Physiology, Veterinary Faculty Siirt University Siirt Turkey.
(4)Department of Biochemistry, Veterinary Faculty Siirt University Siirt Turkey.
(5)Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy Ankara University 
Ankara Turkey.
(6)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science Van Yuzuncu Yil University Van 
Turkey.

Allium species are consumed extensively as folkloric medicine and dietary 
elements, but limited studies have been conducted on them. In this study, the 
effects of an ethanol-water extract obtained from the underground bulb of Allium 
tuncelianum (Kollmann) Özhatay, B. Mathew & Şiraneci (AT) on the behavioral, 
antioxidant, and metabolite parameters in rats were evaluated. AT was 
administered orally once a day at doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg to male Wistar 
albino rats for 10 consecutive days. The elevated plus maze, rotarod, and 
hotplate tests were used to examine anxiety-like behaviors, locomotor 
activities, and pain perception in the rats, respectively. Additionally, 
untargeted metabolomic analyses were performed on plasma samples and AT extracts 
using two orthogonal analytical platforms. The phenolic components, mainly 
fumaric acid, malic acid, vanillic acid, quercetin-3-arabinoside, hydrocinnamic 
acid, and gallocatechin, were determined in the extract. In addition, arbutin, 
salicylic acid, trehalose, and nicotinic acid were analyzed in the extract for 
the first time. The AT extract did not decrease the catalase, glutathione 
peroxidase, or superoxide dismutase levels; however, diazepam decreased some of 
those parameters significantly in the brain, liver, and kidney. Although both 
the AT and diazepam treatments resulted in an increase in anxiolytic-like 
effects compared to the control group, no significant differences were observed 
(p > .05). In the metabolomic analysis, significant changes were observed in the 
rats treated with AT and diazepam, and they caused significant changes in some 
metabolic pathways, including amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, compared to 
the control.

© 2024 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4022
PMCID: PMC11077190
PMID: 38726412

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.


2. J Agric Food Chem. 2021 Jan 20;69(2):741-749. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04117. 
Epub 2021 Jan 6.

Comprehensive Profiling of Phenolic Compounds in White and Red Chinese 
Bayberries (Morella rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) and Their Developmental Variations 
Using Tandem Mass Spectral Molecular Networking.

Lyu Q(1)(2), Wen X(1), Liu Y(1), Sun C(1), Chen K(1), Hsu CC(2), Li X(1).

Author information:
(1)Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative 
Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China.
(2)Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.

Chemical structural characterization of phenolic compounds from the red ("Biqi") 
and white ("Shuijing") bayberries was carried out in the present study. With the 
aid of Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS), 18 flavonoid 
glycosides and 13 proanthocyanidins (PACs) in bayberry extracts were tentatively 
identified. Three cyanidin-3-glucoside derivatives 
(cyanidin-acetylapiosyl-glucoside, catechin-cyanidin-3-glucoside, and 
gallocatechin-cyanidin-3-glucoside), two quercetin derivatives 
(quercetin-3-arabinoside and quercetin-3-glucuronide), patuletin-7-glucoside, 
and individual PACs consisting of (epi)catechin or (epi)gallocatechin units were 
reported for the first time in bayberry fruits. In addition, "Biqi" exhibited a 
considerable increase of flavonoid glycoside content together with a dramatic 
decrease in the content of PACs in mature fruits, while "Shuijing" showed a 
decrease in levels of PACs but failed to accumulate flavonoid glycosides during 
fruit development.

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04117
PMID: 33404218 [Indexed for MEDLINE]


3. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Oct 28;9(11):1054. doi: 10.3390/antiox9111054.

Electroactive Phenolic Contributors and Antioxidant Capacity of Flesh and Peel 
of 11 Apple Cultivars Measured by Cyclic Voltammetry and HPLC-DAD-MS/MS.

Zielińska D(1), Turemko M(1).

Author information:
(1)Department of Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac 
Lodzki 4, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland.

In this study, 11 apple cultivars were characterized by their total phenolic 
content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant, reducing, and 
chelating capacity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test, cyclic 
voltammetry (CV), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays; and 
ferrous ion chelating capacity. The phenolic compounds in flesh and peel were 
determined by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and diode array 
detector (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) and their electroactivity by CV. The results showed 
higher TPC, TFC, and antioxidant capacity by DPPH test in the peels of all apple 
cultivars as compared to the respective flesh. The peel extracts also showed 
two-fold higher FRAP values as compared to the flesh extracts. The reducing 
capacity of the peel and flesh determined by CV measurements confirmed the 
results achieved by spectrophotometric methods of evaluating antioxidant 
capacity. There was no significant difference in chelating capacity in the peel 
and flesh. The HPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis showed the presence of 11 phenolic 
compounds in the peel and flesh which varied in antioxidant, reducing, and 
chelating activity. The order of the phenolic compound content in flesh and peel 
in Quinte cultivar, which showed the highest antioxidant capacity, was as 
follows: epicatechin > chlorogenic acid > quercetin 3-arabinoside > quercetin 
3-glucoside > cyanidin 3-galactoside > quercetin 3-rhamnoside > catechin > 
phloridzin > rutin > phloretin = quercetin. CV results were highly correlated 
with those obtained by spectrophotometry and HPLC-DAD-MS/MS, providing evidence 
to support the use of cyclic voltammetry as a rapid method to determine the 
phenolic profile and reducing the power of apple flesh and peel. The association 
between antioxidant assays and phenolic compound content showed that the highest 
contribution to the antioxidant capacity of apple peel and flesh was provided by 
catechin, epicatechin, and cyadinin-3-galactoside, while phloretin, phloridzin, 
and chlorogenic acid were the main contributors to chelating activity. Results 
from this study clearly indicate that removing the peel from apples may induce a 
significant loss of antioxidants.

DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111054
PMCID: PMC7694104
PMID: 33126563

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.


4. Plants (Basel). 2020 Sep 19;9(9):1237. doi: 10.3390/plants9091237.

Variation in Seed Metabolites between Two Indica Rice Accessions Differing in 
Seed Longevity.

Lee JS(1), Hay FR(1)(2).

Author information:
(1)T.T. Chang Genetic Resources Center, Strategic Innovation Platform, 
International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, 
Philippines.
(2)Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, 
Denmark.

For a better understanding of germination after seed storage, metabolite 
profiling was conducted using hybrid triple quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) 
mass spectrometry. After moisture content (MC) equilibration, seeds of "WAS170" 
(short-lived) and "IR65483" (long-lived) were stored at 10.9% MC and 45 °C. 
Samples for metabolite analysis were taken after 0 and 20 days of storage. Among 
288 metabolites, two flavonoids (kaempferide and quercetin-3-arabinoside), one 
amino acid (S-sulfocysteine) and one sugar (D-glucose) increased in "IR65483" 
seeds after storage but were not detected in "WAS170" seeds. Based on the genome 
sequence database, we identified clear allelic differences with non-synonymous 
mutations on the six flavonol synthase genes regulating the accumulation of 
kaempferol- and quercetin-metabolites. On the other hand, two metabolites 
(thiamine monophosphate and harmaline) increased in short-lived seeds after 
storage; these metabolites could be potential biochemical indicators of seed 
deterioration.

DOI: 10.3390/plants9091237
PMCID: PMC7569829
PMID: 32961657

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.


5. J Chromatogr A. 2017 Oct 27;1521:100-109. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.09.030. 
Epub 2017 Sep 14.

An automatic on-line 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-high performance liquid 
chromatography method for high-throughput screening of antioxidants from natural 
products.

Lu Y(1), Wu N(1), Fang Y(1), Shaheen N(1), Wei Y(2).

Author information:
(1)State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of 
Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, 
China.
(2)State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of 
Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, 
China. Electronic address: weiyun@mail.buct.edu.cn.

Many natural products are rich in antioxidants which play an important role in 
preventing or postponing a variety of diseases, such as cardiovascular and 
inflammatory disease, diabetes as well as breast cancer. In this paper, an 
automatic on-line 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-high performance liquid 
chromatography (DPPH-HPLC) method was established for antioxidants screening 
with nine standards including organic acids (4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 
p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and benzoic acid), alkaloids (coptisine and 
berberine), and flavonoids (quercitrin, astragalin, and quercetin). The optimal 
concentration of DPPH was determined, and six potential antioxidants including 
4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, quercitrin, 
astragalin, and quercetin, and three non-antioxidants including benzoic acid, 
coptisine, and berberine, were successfully screened out and validated by 
conventional DPPH radical scavenging activity assay. The established method has 
been applied to the crude samples of Saccharum officinarum rinds, Coptis 
chinensis powders, and Malus pumila leaves, consecutively. Two potential 
antioxidant compounds from Saccharum officinarum rinds and five potential 
antioxidant compounds from Malus pumila eaves were rapidly screened out. Then 
these seven potential antioxidants were purified and identified as p-coumaric 
acid, ferulic acid, phloridzin, isoquercitrin, quercetin-3-xyloside, 
quercetin-3-arabinoside, and quercetin-3-rhamnoside using countercurrent 
chromatography combined with mass spectrometry and their antioxidant activities 
were further evaluated by conventional DPPH radical scavenging assay. The 
activity result was in accordance with that of the established method. This 
established method is cheap and automatic, and could be used as an efficient 
tool for high-throughput antioxidant screening from various complex natural 
products.

Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.09.030
PMID: 28939230 [Indexed for MEDLINE]