Psychoactive Plant Database - Neuroactive Phytochemical Collection

1. Lipids. 2017 Jan;52(1):73-82. doi: 10.1007/s11745-016-4214-1. Epub 2016 Nov
18.

Fatty Acids from a Glass Sponge Aulosaccus sp. Occurrence of New 
Cyclopropane-Containing and Methyl-Branched Acids.

Santalova EA(1), Denisenko VA(2).

Author information:
(1)G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of 
Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok, 690022, 
Russia. santalova@piboc.dvo.ru.
(2)G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of 
Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok, 690022, 
Russia.

In order to identify new structures, the free fatty acids from an extract of a 
glass sponge Aulosaccus sp. (from the north-west Pacific) belonging to one of 
the least chemically investigated classes (Hexactinellida), were fractionated by 
RP-HPLC and analyzed by NMR spectroscopy and GC-MS of their pyrrolidine 
derivatives, methyl(ethyl) esters and their dimethyl disulfide adducts. One 
hundred and twenty-three C12-C31 acids (including nine new compounds) were 
detected, one hundred and ten of these compounds have not been found previously 
in glass sponges. The levels of common methylene-interrupted polyenes, monoenes 
of the (n-7) family and less common branched-chain components proved to be high. 
New acids were shown to be 5,13-dimethyl-tetradec-4-enoic, 
cis-10,11-methylene-heptadecanoic, 10,12-dimethyl-octadecanoic, 
cis-12,13-methylene-nonadecanoic, (14E)-13-methyl-eicos-14-enoic, 
19-methyl-eicos-13-enoic, cis-20,21-methylene-heptacosanoic, 
27-methyl-octacos-21-enoic and (22Z)-nonacos-22-enoic. Some important mass 
spectrometric characteristics of pyrrolidides of homologous cyclopropane fatty 
acids are reported and discussed.

DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4214-1
PMID: 27864794 [Indexed for MEDLINE]


2. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2015 Jul;148:1-8. doi: 
10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.03.016. Epub 2015 Mar 27.

GC-MS analysis of bioactive components and synthesis of gold nanoparticle using 
Chloroxylon swietenia DC leaf extract and its larvicidal activity.

Balasubramani G(1), Ramkumar R(1), Krishnaveni N(2), Sowmiya R(1), Deepak P(1), 
Arul D(1), Perumal P(3).

Author information:
(1)Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, 
Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India.
(2)Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641 
016, Tamil Nadu, India.
(3)Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, 
Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: perumalarticles@gmail.com.

A rapid bio-reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) was achieved by Chloroxylon 
swietenia DC leaf extract (CSLE), which resulted in the formation of well 
dispersed C. swietenia gold nanoparticles (CSGNPs). The formation of GNPs was 
confirmed by color changes from yellowish green to purple and their 
characteristic peak at 545 nm. The characterization of synthesized CSGNPs was 
made through X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 
(FTIR), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) equipped with 
energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) followed by size and zeta potential 
analyses. The GC-MS profile of C. swietenia methanolic leaf extract (CSMLE) 
resulted 20 phytocomponents, among those heptacosanoic acid, 25-methyl-, methyl 
ester (C29H58O2) attributes highest peak area. The efficiency of the synthesized 
CSMLE, CSGNPs and CSLE were tested against fourth instar larvae of malarial and 
dengue vector, which resulted more substantial upshot than with leaf extract 
treated. The Lethal concentration (LC50) values of CSMLE, CSGNPs and CSLE were 
found to be 0.509, 0.340, 0.423 ppm and 0.602, 0.188, 0.646 ppm on Aedes aegypti 
and Anopheles stephensi, respectively. The findings form an important baseline 
information proceeding biologically innocuous biopesticide for controlling the 
malarial and dengue vectors.

Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.03.016
PMID: 25854160 [Indexed for MEDLINE]


3. Zhong Yao Cai. 2014 Apr;37(4):602-4.

[Chemical constituents of Juncus setchuensis].

[Article in Chinese]

Cai Y, Lu Y, Wu YL, Gao XN, Qiu RL, Hong J.

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Juncus setchuensis.
METHODS: Column chromatography was used in the isolation procedure. The 
structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectral data.
RESULTS: Eight compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 
2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone (1), physcion (2), stigmasterol (3), 
stigmast-3,6-dione (4), vanillin (5), n-heptacosanoic acid (6), 
trans-hydroxycinnamic (7) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzoic acid (8).
CONCLUSION: Compound 1, 2, 4 and 6 are obtained from this genus for the first 
time and all the compounds are obtained from this plant for the first time.

PMID: 25345132 [Indexed for MEDLINE]


4. Bioresour Technol. 2014 Aug;165:214-22. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.142. 
Epub 2014 Apr 4.

Boosting accumulation of neutral lipids in Rhodosporidium kratochvilovae HIMPA1 
grown on hemp (Cannabis sativa Linn) seed aqueous extract as feedstock for 
biodiesel production.

Patel A(1), Pravez M(1), Deeba F(1), Pruthi V(1), Singh RP(1), Pruthi PA(2).

Author information:
(1)Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Biotechnology Department, Indian Institute 
of Technology Roorkee (IIT R), Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
(2)Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Biotechnology Department, Indian Institute 
of Technology Roorkee (IIT R), Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India. Electronic 
address: parulaggarwalpruthi@gmail.com.

Hemp seeds aqueous extract (HSAE) was used as cheap renewable feedstocks to grow 
novel oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium kratochvilovae HIMPA1 isolated from 
Himalayan permafrost soil. The yeast showed boosted triglyceride (TAG) 
accumulation in the lipid droplets (LDs) which were transesterified to 
biodiesel. The sonicated HSAE prepared lacked toxic inhibitors and showed 
enhanced total lipid content and lipid yield 55.56%, 8.39±0.57g/l in comparison 
to 41.92%, 6.2±0.8g/l from industrially used glucose synthetic medium, 
respectively. Supersized LDs (5.95±1.02μm) accumulated maximum TAG in sonicated 
HSAE grown cells were visualized by fluorescent BODIPY (505/515nm) stain. GC-MS 
analysis revealed unique longer carbon chain FAME profile containing Arachidic 
acid (C20:0) 5%, Behenic acid (C22:0) 9.7%, Heptacosanoic acid (C27:0) 14.98%, 
for the first time in this yeast when grown on industrially competent sonicated 
HSAE, showing more similarity to algal oils.

Crown Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.142
PMID: 24746767 [Indexed for MEDLINE]


5. J Invertebr Pathol. 2000 Oct;76(3):198-207. doi: 10.1006/jipa.2000.4964.

Characterization and carbon metabolism in fungi pathogenic to Triatoma 
infestans, a chagas disease vector.

Juárez MP(1), Crespo R, Fernández GC, Lecuona R, Cafferata LF.

Author information:
(1)Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La 
Plata, UNLP, calles 60 y 120, La Plata, 1900, Argentina.

The pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Ma) and Beauveria bassiana (Bb) 
isolates against Triatoma infestans, the major vector of Chagas disease in 
Argentina is reported. A 100% mortality was achieved with mean lethal times 
varying form 5.8 (Ma6) to 7.7 (Bb5) or 11.1 days (Bb10). The fatty acid, 
hydrocarbon, and total lipid patterns were compared for glucose-grown and 
alkane-grown Bb10 cultures. The alkane-grown cells showed a lipid pattern 
different from that of glucose-grown cells, with triacylglyercol as the major 
lipid fraction, whereas sterols prevailed in the glucose-grown cells. A 
significant reduction in the relative amounts of linoleic acid diminished the 
unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio for alkane-grown cells; in addition, 
large amounts of heptacosanoic and eicosanoic acids were detected in the 
saturated fraction. The hydrocarbon profile of Bb10 showed a saturated chain 
length distribution,with a marked prevalence for straight chains, ranging from 
n-C18 to n-C37 in the carbon skeleton, with n-C22 as the major component. 
Alkane-grown cells showed no qualitative changes in their hydrocarbon fraction, 
but a similar ratio for odd/even carbon chains. After 48-h incubation 
assays,[1-(14)C]acetate uptake was largely diminished following a period of 
alkane growth induction. Glucose-grown cells readily incorporated 19% of the 
labelinto phospholipids, hydrocarbons, triacylglycerols, and free fatty acids. 
In contrast, incorporation was reduced to 5.3% for alkane-grown cells, 
accounting only for phospholipid synthesis.

Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

DOI: 10.1006/jipa.2000.4964
PMID: 11023748 [Indexed for MEDLINE]