Psychoactive Plant Database - Neuroactive Phytochemical Collection

1. Food Chem Toxicol. 2024 Oct;192:114949. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114949. Epub 
2024 Aug 23.

The toxicity of cisplatin derives from effects on renal organic ion transporters 
expression and serum endogenous substance levels.

Zhang M(1), Li Y(1), Ma Y(2), Jin Y(3), Gou X(3), Yuan Y(1), Xu F(2), Wu X(4).

Author information:
(1)School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Engineering 
Research Centre of Prevention and Control for Clinical Medication Risk, Gansu 
Province, China.
(2)Engineering Research Centre of Prevention and Control for Clinical Medication 
Risk, Gansu Province, China.
(3)Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 
730000, China; Engineering Research Centre of Prevention and Control for 
Clinical Medication Risk, Gansu Province, China.
(4)School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Department of 
Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; 
Engineering Research Centre of Prevention and Control for Clinical Medication 
Risk, Gansu Province, China. Electronic address: wuxa@lzu.edu.cn.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a worldwide public health problem with high 
morbidity and mortality. Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for 
treating solid tumors, but the induction of AKI restricts its clinical 
application. In this study, the effect of cisplatin on the expression of organic 
ion transporters was investigated through in vivo and in vitro experiments. 
Targeted metabolomics techniques were used to measure the levels of selected 
endogenous substances in serum. Transmission electron microscopy was used to 
observe the microstructure of renal tubular epithelial cells. Our results show 
that the toxicity of cisplatin on HK-2 cells or HEK-293 cells was time- and 
dose-dependent. Administration of cisplatin decreased the expression of OAT1/3 
and OCT2 and increased the expression of MRP2/4. Mitochondrial damage induced by 
cisplatin lead to renal tubular epithelial cell injury. In addition, 
administration of cisplatin resulted in significant changes in endogenous 
substance levels in serum, including amino acids, carnitine, and fatty acids. 
These serum amino acids and metabolites (α-aminobutyric acid, proline, and 
alanine), carnitines (tradecanoylcarnitine, hexanylcarnitine, octanoylcarnitine, 
2-methylbutyroylcarnitine, palmitoylcarnitine, and linoleylcarnitine) and fatty 
acids (9E-tetradecenoic acid) represent endogenous substances with diagnostic 
potential for cisplatin-induced AKI.

Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114949
PMID: 39182635 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Conflict of interest statement: Declaration of competing interest The authors 
declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal 
relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this 
paper.


2. Nutrients. 2024 May 20;16(10):1537. doi: 10.3390/nu16101537.

Pilot-Study to Explore Metabolic Signature of Type 2 Diabetes: A Pipeline of 
Tree-Based Machine Learning and Bioinformatics Techniques for Biomarkers 
Discovery.

Yagin FH(1), Al-Hashem F(2), Ahmad I(3), Ahmad F(4), Alkhateeb A(5).

Author information:
(1)Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, 
Inonu University, Malatya 44280, Turkey.
(2)Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 
61421, Saudi Arabia.
(3)Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical 
Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
(4)Department of Respiratory Care, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa 
University, Diriya, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia.
(5)Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, 
Canada.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to identify unique metabolomics biomarkers 
associated with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and develop an accurate diagnostics model 
using tree-based machine learning (ML) algorithms integrated with bioinformatics 
techniques.
METHODS: Univariate and multivariate analyses such as fold change, a receiver 
operating characteristic curve (ROC), and Partial Least-Squares Discriminant 
Analysis (PLS-DA) were used to identify biomarker metabolites that showed 
significant concentration in T2D patients. Three tree-based algorithms [eXtreme 
Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), and 
Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost)] that demonstrated robustness in high-dimensional 
data analysis were used to create a diagnostic model for T2D.
RESULTS: As a result of the biomarker discovery process validated with three 
different approaches, Pyruvate, D-Rhamnose, AMP, pipecolate, Tetradecenoic acid, 
Tetradecanoic acid, Dodecanediothioic acid, Prostaglandin E3/D3 (isobars), ADP 
and Hexadecenoic acid were determined as potential biomarkers for T2D. Our 
results showed that the XGBoost model [accuracy = 0.831, F1-score = 0.845, 
sensitivity = 0.882, specificity = 0.774, positive predictive value (PPV) = 
0.811, negative-PV (NPV) = 0.857 and Area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.887] had 
the slight highest performance measures.
CONCLUSIONS: ML integrated with bioinformatics techniques offers accurate and 
positive T2D candidate biomarker discovery. The XGBoost model can successfully 
distinguish T2D based on metabolites.

DOI: 10.3390/nu16101537
PMCID: PMC11124278
PMID: 38794775 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.


3. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jan 7;25(2):774. doi: 10.3390/ijms25020774.

The Specificities of Lysophosphatidic Acid Acyltransferase and Fatty Acid 
Desaturase Determine the High Content of Myristic and Myristoleic Acids in 
Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200.

Starikov AY(1), Sidorov RA(1), Mironov KS(1), Los DA(1).

Author information:
(1)K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 
Botanicheskaya Street 25, 127276 Moscow, Russia.

The cyanobacterial strain Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 isolated from Lake 
Balkhash is characterized by high relative amounts of myristic (30%) and 
myristoleic (10%) acids. The remaining fatty acids (FAs) are represented mainly 
by palmitic (20%) and palmitoleic (40%) acids. We expressed the genes for 
lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT; EC 2.3.1.51) and Δ9 fatty acid 
desaturase (FAD; EC 1.14.19.1) from Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 in 
Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, which synthesizes myristic and myristoleic 
acids at the level of 0.5-1% and produces mainly palmitic (~60%) and palmitoleic 
(35%) acids. S. elongatus cells that expressed foreign LPAAT synthesized 
myristic acid at 26%, but did not produce myristoleic acid, suggesting that 
Δ9-FAD of S. elongatus cannot desaturate FAs with chain lengths less than C16. 
Synechococcus cells that co-expressed LPAAT and Δ9-FAD of Cyanobacterium 
synthesized up to 45% palmitoleic and 9% myristoleic acid, suggesting that 
Δ9-FAD of Cyanobacterium is capable of desaturating saturated acyl chains of any 
length.

DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020774
PMCID: PMC10815888
PMID: 38255848 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.


4. ACS Omega. 2023 Oct 31;8(45):43024-43036. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06246. 
eCollection 2023 Nov 14.

Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and 
Antiquorum Sensing Potential of Methanol Extract and Essential Oil from Acanthus 
polystachyus Delile (Acanthaceae).

Getahun M(1), Nesru Y(1), Ahmed M(2), Satapathy S(3), Shenkute K(4), Gupta N(4), 
Naimuddin M(1).

Author information:
(1)Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama 
Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia.
(2)Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Adama Science and Technology 
University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia.
(3)Department of Zoology, School of Applied Science, Centurion University of 
Technology & Management, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India.
(4)Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama 
Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia.

The evolution of microbes in response to conventional antimicrobials leads to 
antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and multidrug resistance (MDR), and it is a 
global threat to public health. Natural products are possible solutions to this 
massive challenge. In this study, the potential of Acanthus polystachyus 
extracts was investigated for phytochemical composition and biological 
properties as antimicrobials. Gas chromatography-mass spectra (GC-MS) analysis 
of methanol extract (ME) and essential oil (EO) detected 79 and 20 compounds, 
respectively. The major compounds identified in ME and their abundance were 
β-sitosterol acetate (16.06%), cholest-5-en-3-yl (9Z)-9-octadecenoate (9.54%), 
1-dodecanol (7.57%), (S)-(E)-(-)-4-acetoxy-1-phenyl-2-dodecen-1-one (6.03%), 
neophytadiene (5.7%), (E)-2-nonadecene (3.9%), hexanol-4-D2 (2.92%), and decane 
(2.4%). Most compounds have known bioactive functions. In EO, the major 
compounds were stearyl alcohol (25.38%); cis-9-tetradecenoic acid, isobutyl 
ester (22.95%); butyl 9-tetradecenoate (10.62%); 
11,13-dimethyl-12-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (10.14%); ginsenol (3.48%); and 
diisooctyl phthalate (2.54%). All compounds are known to be bioactive. The 
antioxidant activity of ME and EO ranged from 48.3 to 84.2% radical scavenging 
activity (RSA) and 45.6 to 82% RSA, respectively, with dose dependency. The disc 
diffusion assay for the antimicrobial activity of ME revealed high inhibition 
against Acenetobacter baumannii (130.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (100.3%), and 
Staphylococcus aureus (87.7%). The MIC, MBC/MFC, and MBIC values for ME were 
0.5-1.0, 2-4, and 0.5-1.0 mg/mL and for EO were 0.31-0.62, 1.25-2.5, and 
0.31-0.62 μL/mL, respectively, indicating inhibition potential as well as 
inhibition of biofilm formation. The tolerance test values indicated 
bactericidal activity against most strains and bacteriostatic/fungistatic 
activity against A. baumannii, E. faecalis, and C. albicans. The antiquorum 
sensing activity of ME achieved by pyocyanin inhibition assay on P. aeruginosa 
showed a 51.6% inhibition at 500 μg/mL. These results suggest that ME and EO 
derived from A. polystachyus leaves are potent, valuable, cost-effective 
antioxidants and antimicrobials. Both extracts may effectively combat pathogenic 
and resistant microbes.

© 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06246
PMCID: PMC10653062
PMID: 38024770

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no competing financial 
interest.


5. J Agric Food Chem. 2023 May 17;71(19):7312-7323. doi:
10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08637.  Epub 2023 May 4.

Nobiletin Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Gut 
Microbiota and Myristoleic Acid Metabolism.

Li SZ(1)(2), Zhang NN(2), Yang X(2), Huang TQ(2), Lin Y(2), Jiang ZM(2), Yi 
Y(1), Liu EH(2).

Author information:
(1)The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing University of 
Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China.
(2)State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 
No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.

Disturbance of the gut microbiota plays a critical role in the development of 
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Increasing evidence supports that 
natural products may serve as prebiotics to regulate the gut microbiota in the 
treatment of NAFLD. In the present study, the effect of nobiletin, a naturally 
occurring polymethoxyflavone, on NAFLD was evaluated, and metabolomics, 16S rRNA 
gene sequencing, and transcriptomics analysis were performed to determine the 
underlying mechanism of nobiletin, and the key bacteria and metabolites screened 
were confirmed by in vivo experiment. Nobiletin treatment could significantly 
reduce lipid accumulation in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed mice. 16S rRNA 
analysis demonstrated that nobiletin could reverse the dysbiosis of gut 
microbiota in NAFLD mice and nobiletin could regulate myristoleic acid 
metabolism, as revealed by untargeted metabolomics analysis. Treatment with the 
bacteria Allobaculum stercoricanis, Lactobacillus casei, or the metabolite 
myristoleic acid displayed a protective effect on liver lipid accumulation under 
metabolic stress. These results indicated that nobiletin might target gut 
microbiota and myristoleic acid metabolism to ameliorate NAFLD.

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08637
PMID: 37139957 [Indexed for MEDLINE]