Psychoactive Plant Database - Neuroactive Phytochemical Collection

1. Chem Biodivers. 2024 Oct 23:e202402472. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202402472. Online 
ahead of print.

Chemical Composition, Anti-microbial, and Cytotoxic Activities of Essential Oil 
from Magnolia bidoupensis Q. N. Vu leaves, an Endemic Species to the Central 
Highlands of Vietnam.

Nguyen NV(1), Tran NNU(1), Hoang BT(1).

Author information:
(1)University of DaLat, Biology, 01 Phu Dong Thien Vuong, 67000, Dalat, VIET 
NAM.

An analysis was conducted on the essential oil extracted from the leaves of 
Magnolia bidoupensis utilizing GC-MS, revealing thirty-three constituents that 
account for 98.9% of the essential oil. The main components included pogostol 
(22.4%), δ-selinene (16.2%), and α-amorphene (14.7%). Bioassays were then 
performed to evaluate the oil's biological activity. The essential oil exhibited 
antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms (six bacterial strains 
and one fungal strain) using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. 
Additional cytotoxicity tests were conducted on KB, HepG2, MCF-7, and A549 
cancer cell lines using the MTT method. The essential oil exhibited strong 
cytotoxic effects on all four cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 1.37 ± 
0.05 μg/mL (KB) to 2.40 ± 0.06 μg/mL (A549).

© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.

DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202402472
PMID: 39441558


2. Nat Prod Res. 2023 Nov 24:1-8. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2283758. Online
ahead  of print.

Potential anti-inflammatory biomarkers from Myrtaceae essential oils revealed by 
untargeted metabolomics.

Maiolini TCS(1), Nicácio KJ(2), Rosa W(1), Miranda DO(1), Santos MFC(3), Bueno 
PCP(4), Lago JHG(5), Sartorelli P(6), Dias DF(1), Chagas de Paula DA(1), Soares 
MG(1).

Author information:
(1)Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil.
(2)Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil.
(3)Department of Chemistry and Physics, Center for Exact, Natural and Health 
Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alegre, Brazil.
(4)Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Department of Plant 
Biotic Interactions, Grossbeeren, Germany.
(5)Centre of Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, 
Brazil.
(6)Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal 
University of São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil.

Many species from Myrtaceae have traditionally been used in traditional medicine 
as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, antioxidant and 
antirheumatic, besides in blood cholesterol reduction. In the present work, the 
anti-inflammatory activity of essential oils from eighteen Myrtaceae spp. were 
evaluated according to their ex-vivo anti-inflammatory activity in human blood, 
and the corresponding biomarkers were determined using untargeted metabolomics 
data and multivariate data analysis. From these studied species, six displayed 
anti-inflammatory activity with percentage rates of inhibition of PGE2 release 
above 70%. Caryophyllene oxide (1), humulene epoxide II (2), β-selinene (3), 
α-amorphene (4), α-selinene (5), germacrene A (6), β-bisabolene (7), α-muurolene 
(8), α-humulene (9), β-gurjunene (10), myrcene (11), β-elemene (12), α-cadinol 
(13), α-copaene (14), E-nerolidol (15) and ledol (16) were annotated as 
potential anti-inflammatory biomarkers. The results obtained in this study point 
to essential oils from species of the Myrtaceae family as a rich source of 
anti-inflammatory agents.

DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2283758
PMID: 38006221


3. Plants (Basel). 2022 Dec 22;12(1):58. doi: 10.3390/plants12010058.

Bioprospecting of Helichrysum Species: Chemical Profile, Phytochemical 
Properties, and Antifungal Efficacy against Botrytis cinerea.

Matrose NA(1)(2), Belay ZA(1), Obikeze K(2), Mokwena L(3), Caleb OJ(4)(5).

Author information:
(1)Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies (PHATs), Agricultural Research 
Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa.
(2)School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of the Western Cape, 
Bellville 7535, South Africa.
(3)Central Analytical Facility, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South 
Africa.
(4)Department of Food Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, 
Matieland 7602, South Africa.
(5)African Institute for Postharvest Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, 
Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.

Variation in plant species and extraction solvents play a crucial role in the 
recovery of their bioactive compounds and antifungal efficacy. Thus, in this 
study, a comparative investigation was carried out using extraction solvents: 
70% acetone and 95% ethanol to obtain crude aqueous extracts from Helichrysum 
odoratissimum and H. patulum. Crude aqueous extracts were screened using gas 
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), to gain insight into their chemical 
composition. Phytochemical properties (total polyphenols (TP) and radical 
scavenging capacity via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)), and antifungal 
activity against Botrytis cinerea of the crude extracts were evaluated. 
Fungicide (Rovral® WP) and extraction solvents were used as controls. Variation 
in Helichrysum spp. and extraction solvent had influence on the chemical 
composition, phytochemicals, and antifungal activities. Metabolites such as 
γ-terpinene (≈0.1%), α-amorphene (≈0.6%) α-gurjunene (≈1.4%), β-selinene 
(2.2-3.2%), γ-gurjunene (≈3.3%), and methyl cinnamate (≈20%) were detected only 
in extracts of H. patulum. Crude extract of H. odoratissimum using 70% acetone 
had the highest TP (19.3 ± 0.76 g GA 100 g-1), and DPPH capacity (13,251.5 ± 
700.55 µmol Trolox g-1) compared to H. patulum (p ≤ 0.05). Ethanolic extracts of 
H. patulum showed highest antifungal efficacy (≈65%) against B. cinerea (p ≤ 
0.05) compared to other crude extracts. This study showed that Helichrysum spp. 
differ in their potential as a source for bioactive compounds and antifungal 
treatments/formulations.

DOI: 10.3390/plants12010058
PMCID: PMC9824591
PMID: 36616185

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.


4. Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 2022 Sep 19;77(11-12):525-529. doi: 
10.1515/znc-2022-0105. Print 2022 Nov 25.

Chemical composition and anticholinesterase activity of Lepisanthes rubiginosa 
(Roxb.) Leenh. essential oil.

Salleh WMNHW(1), Ghani NA(2)(3), Abdel-Aal AM(1)(4).

Author information:
(1)Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti 
Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia.
(2)Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti 
Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, 
Malaysia.
(3)Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, 
Selangor, Malaysia.
(4)Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, 
Assiut, 71526, Egypt.

Essential oils obtained from medicinal plants show high therapeutic potential 
against several types of pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease. The purpose 
of this work was to study the chemical composition and anticholinesterase 
inhibitory activity of the essential oil obtained from Lepisanthes rubiginosa 
leaves collected from Malaysia. Twenty-four components were identified using gas 
chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography/mass 
spectrometry (GC-MS), which represent 99.5% of the essential oil. The identified 
major components include α-cadinol (40.0%), safrole (12.6%), α-amorphene (9.5%), 
(E)-isosafrole (5.0%), δ-cadinene (4.2%), and t-muurolol (4.1%). 
Anticholinesterase activity was assessed using Ellman method, and the essential 
oil demonstrated a moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase 
(I%: 75.2%) and butyrylcholinesterase (I%: 70.2%) at conconcetration of 
1000 μg/mL. The current study is the first to report chemical composition and 
anticholinesterase activity of the essential oil obtained from L. rubiginosa, 
which may have implications on the characterization, pharmaceutical, and 
therapeutic applications of Lepisanthes genus essential oils.

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

DOI: 10.1515/znc-2022-0105
PMID: 36112782 [Indexed for MEDLINE]


5. Molecules. 2022 Mar 31;27(7):2282. doi: 10.3390/molecules27072282.

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Insecticidal Properties of a Chemically 
Characterized Essential Oil from the Leaves of Dittrichia viscosa L.

Mssillou I(1), Agour A(1), Allali A(2), Saghrouchni H(3), Bourhia M(4), El 
Moussaoui A(5), Salamatullah AM(6), Alzahrani A(6), Aboul-Soud MAM(7), Giesy 
JP(8)(9)(10)(11), Lyoussi B(1), Derwich E(1)(12).

Author information:
(1)Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health 
and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed 
Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco.
(2)Laboratory of Plant, Animal and Agro-Industry Productions, Faculty of 
Sciences, University of Ibn Tofail (ITU), Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
(3)Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, 
Çukurova University, Balcalı, 01330 Adana, Turkey.
(4)Laboratory of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Nutrition, and Environment, Faculty of 
Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II, Casablanca 20000, Morocco.
(5)Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health, Faculty of 
Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, 
Morocco.
(6)Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural 
Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
(7)Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical 
Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
(8)Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada.
(9)Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 
Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
(10)Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 
MI 48824, USA.
(11)Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, 
USA.
(12)Unity of GC/MS and GC, City of Innovation, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah 
University, Fez 30000, Morocco.

Since some synthetic insecticides cause damage to human health, compounds in 
plants can be viable alternatives to conventional synthetic pesticides. 
Dittrichia viscosa L. is a perennial Mediterranean plant known to possess 
biological activities, including insecticidal properties. The chemical 
composition of an essential oil (EOD) from D. viscosa, as well as its 
antioxidant, antimicrobial, and insecticidal effects on the cowpea weevil 
(Callosobruchus maculatus) were determined. Forty-one volatile compounds were 
identified in EOD, which accounted for 97.5% of its constituents. Bornyl acetate 
(41%) was a major compound, followed by borneol (9.3%), α-amorphene (6.6%), and 
caryophyllene oxide (5.7%). EOD exhibited significant antioxidant activity in 
all tests performed, with an IC50 of 1.30 ± 0.05 mg/mL in the DPPH test and an 
EC50 equal to 36.0 ± 2.5 mg/mL in the FRAP assay. In the phosphor-molybdenum 
test, EOD results ranged from 39.81 ± 0.7 to 192.1 ± 0.8 mg AAE/g E. EOD was 
active on E. coli (9.5 ± 0.5 mm), S. aureus (31.0 ± 1.5 mm), C. albicans (20.4 ± 
0.5 mm), and S. cerevisiae (28.0 ± 1.0 mm), with MICs ranging from 0.1 mg/mL to 
3.3 mg/mL. We found that 1 µL of EOD caused 97.5 ± 5.0% insect mortality after 
96 h in the inhalation test and 60.0 ± 8.3% in the ingestion assay. The median 
lethal concentration (LC50) was 7.8 ± 0.3 μL EO/L, while the effective 
concentration in the ingestion test (LC50) was 15.0 ± 2.1 μL EO/L. We found that 
20 µL of EOD caused a reduction of more than 91% of C. maculatus laid eggs.

DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072282
PMCID: PMC9000614
PMID: 35408678 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.