Psychoactive Plant Database - Neuroactive Phytochemical Collection

1. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci. 2021 Dec 28;2021:6597402. doi: 10.1155/2021/6597402. 
eCollection 2021.

Cytotoxic and Antimigration Activity of Etlingera alba (A.D.) Poulsen Rhizome.

Wahyuni W(1)(2), Diantini A(1), Ghozali M(3), Subarnas A(1), Julaeha E(4), 
Amalia R(1), Sahidin I(2).

Author information:
(1)Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 
Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia.
(2)Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Indonesia.
(3)Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas 
Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia.
(4)Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, 
Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia.

Etlingera alba is one of the Etlingera plants that might have anticancer 
activity. This study aims to investigate the cytotoxic and antimetastatic 
activity of E. alba rhizome fractions and migration cell assay against 
MDA-MB-231 cell lines, which are used for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) 
treatment assay. The cytotoxic activity was assayed using CCK-8 assay, while the 
antimetastatic was assayed using migration cell assay for the fractions A-F. 
They were followed by LCMS/MS profiling to determine the chemical contents in 
the most active fraction. According to results obtained, fraction B was the most 
active fraction for cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 65.43 μg/mL, while 
fraction E was the most active fraction for antimetastasis activity against 
migration rate doses of 50, 100, and 200 ppm which were 6.80, 3.66, and 3.00%, 
respectively. Several compounds in fraction B, such as rengyolone, licochalcone 
A, sugiol, and spinasterol, might have been known to have activity against 
cancer cells, as well as aschantin and lirioresinol B dimethyl ether from 
fraction E. In conclusion, the chemical components from E. alba rhizome 
fractions provided potency for discovering new agents for cancer treatment, 
specifically for TNBC.

Copyright © 2021 W. Wahyuni et al.

DOI: 10.1155/2021/6597402
PMCID: PMC8727096
PMID: 34993485

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.


2. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020 Feb 11;20(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s12906-020-2839-3.

Lirioresinol B dimethyl ether inhibits NF-κB and COX-2 and activates IκBα 
expression in CCl(4)-induced hepatic fibrosis.

Shehzad A(1), Rehmat S(2), Ul-Islam S(3), Ahmad R(4), Aljafary M(5), Alrushaid 
NA(6), Al-Suhaimi EA(7)(8).

Author information:
(1)Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical 
Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
(2)Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and 
Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and 
Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3)School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
(4)Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, 
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
(5)Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal 
University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
(6)Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal 
University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
(7)Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal 
University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. ealsuhaimi@iau.edu.sa.
(8)Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal 
University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. ealsuhaimi@iau.edu.sa.

BACKGROUND: Inflammation is one of the key components in the initiation and 
progression of hepatic diseases. If not treated, inflammation may cause cell 
dysplasia, and ultimately cancer. In the current study, we investigated the 
anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of plant isolated compound 
Lirioresinol B Dimethyl Ether (LBDE) extracted from the seeds of Magnolia 
fargesii CHENG (Magnoliaceae) against HepG2 cells as well as in BALB/C male 
mice.
METHODS: We assessed the antioxidant and anti-proliferative effects of plant 
compounds using DPPH assay and HepG2 cell lines. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and 
Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) were used to induce liver cell dysplasia followed by 
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in BALB/C male mice for 12 weeks. We investigated 
the underlying mechanism by using histopathology and immunoblot experiments.
RESULTS: Intraperitoneal injection of LBDE (50 mg/kg body weight/day) inhibited 
CCl4-induced HCC. Free radical scavenging assay shows the strong anti-oxidant 
activity of LBDE. Western blot results show that LBDE down-regulated nuclear 
factor kappa B (NFκB) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) by preventing the 
phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha (IκBα) in CCl4 treated group. LBDE also 
improved liver function by decreasing Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), aspartate 
aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Histopathology 
results revealed that LBDE decreased granulomas and express normal morphology of 
hepatocytes.
CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results show that LBDE has the potential to 
inhibit CCl4-induced liver cell dysplasia and prevents cancer development by 
regulating NFκB/COX-2 activation.

DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2839-3
PMCID: PMC7076869
PMID: 32046692 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing 
interests.


3. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019 Aug;73:321-332. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.020. 
Epub 2019 May 23.

Molecular mechanism underlying anti-inflammatory activities of lirioresinol B 
dimethyl ether through suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in in vitro and 
in vivo models.

Su Y(1), Xiong S(2), Lan H(2), Xu L(3), Wei X(4).

Author information:
(1)Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji 
Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR 
China. Electronic address: micxu@163.com.
(2)Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji 
Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR 
China.
(3)Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji 
Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR 
China. Electronic address: n803ve@163.com.
(4)Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji 
Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR 
China. Electronic address: xiangwei201808@163.com.

The aim of the present study is to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of 
lirioresinol B dimethyl ether via inhibition of multiple signaling pathways in 
both in vitro and in vivo pharmacological models. To determine the 
anti-inflammatory activity of the lirioresinol B dimethyl ether, RAW 264.7 
macrophages challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were treated with various 
concentrations of lirioresinol B dimethyl ether (5, 15, 25, and 50 μM). The 
results indicated that pretreatment with lirioresinol B dimethyl ether 
significantly suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, nitric oxide 
(NO) production, the protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase 
(iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Lirioresinol B dimethyl ether inhibited 
LPS-induced activation of production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as 
prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release. The results obtained by electrophoretic 
mobility shift assay (EMSA) demonstrated a concentration dependent reduction of 
the LPS-stimulated activation of NF-κB and activator protein-1 (AP-1) by 
lirioresinol B dimethyl ether in in vitro and in vivo models. Moreover, 
lirioresinol B dimethyl ether also reduced the expression of toll-like receptor 
(TLR)-4 protein and myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) as 
well as promoted the degradation of IκBα. Lirioresinol B dimethyl ether also 
significantly down-regulated the phosphorylation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), 
p-38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Furthermore, the results 
of acute and chronic inflammation demonstrated that lirioresinol B dimethyl 
ether (10 and 50 mg per kg) reduced paw edema and mechanical hyperalgesia in 
carrageenan- and Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced in vivo mouse models, 
respectively. Hence, the current results indicate that lirioresinol B dimethyl 
ether either act by inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators through 
down-regulation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways 
and reduction of NF-κB activation.

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.020
PMID: 31129419 [Indexed for MEDLINE]


4. J Invest Dermatol. 2019 Mar;139(3):648-655. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.10.012.
Epub  2018 Oct 26.

Syringaresinol Reverses Age-Related Skin Atrophy by Suppressing FoxO3a-Mediated 
Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Activation in Copper/Zinc Superoxide 
Dismutase-Deficient Mice.

Kim J(1), Toda T(2), Watanabe K(2), Shibuya S(2), Ozawa Y(2), Izuo N(2), Cho 
S(3), Seo DB(3), Yokote K(4), Shimizu T(5).

Author information:
(1)Vital Beautie Research Division, Amorepacific R&D Center, Giheung-gu, 
Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Department of Advanced Aging Medicine, Chiba 
University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan; Department of 
Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of 
Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.
(2)Department of Advanced Aging Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of 
Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.
(3)Vital Beautie Research Division, Amorepacific R&D Center, Giheung-gu, 
Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
(4)Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Chiba University Graduate 
School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.
(5)Department of Advanced Aging Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of 
Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan; Department of Clinical Cell Biology and 
Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan. 
Electronic address: shimizut@chiba-u.jp.

Aging is characterized by accumulation of chronic and irreversible oxidative 
damage, chronic inflammation, and organ dysfunction. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) 
serves as a major enzyme for cellular superoxide radical metabolism and 
physiologically regulates cellular redox balance throughout the body. 
Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase-deficient (SOD1-/-) mice showed diverse 
phenotypes associated with enhanced oxidative damage in whole organs. Here, we 
found that oral treatment with syringaresinol (also known as lirioresinol B), 
which is the active component in the berries of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng 
C.A. Meyer), attenuated the age-related changes in Sod1-/- skin. Interestingly, 
syringaresinol morphologically normalized skin atrophy in Sod1-/- mice and 
promoted fibroblast outgrowth from Sod1-/- skin in vitro. These protective 
effects were mediated by the suppression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 
overproduction in Sod1-/- skin, but not by increased collagen expression. 
Syringaresinol also decreased the oxidative damage and the phosphorylation of 
FoxO3a protein, which was a transcriptional factor of matrix 
metalloproteinase-2, in Sod1-/- skin. These results strongly suggest that 
syringaresinol regulates the FoxO3-matrix metalloproteinase-2 axis in oxidative 
damaged skin and exhibits beneficial effects on age-related skin involution in 
Sod1-/- mice.

Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.10.012
PMID: 30798853 [Indexed for MEDLINE]


5. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2018 Mar;43(5):970-976. doi: 
10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.2018.0028.

[Lignans from flower buds of Magnolia biondii].

[Article in Chinese]

Feng WS(1)(2), He YH(1), Zheng XK(1)(2), Dong BB(1), Zhang YL(1), Cao YG(3), 
Yang YY(1), Zhang JK(1).

Author information:
(1)College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, 
China.
(2)Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and 
Treatment and Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, 
China.
(3)College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 
150040, China.

The present study aims to investigate the lignans from the flower buds of 
Magnolia biondii. The isolation and purification of the compounds were performed 
by column chromatographies on Diaion HP-20, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20, 
combined with semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the 
basis of spectral data and physiochemical properties. Eighteen compounds were 
isolated and identified as magnolin (1), epimagnolin (2), eudesmin (3), kobusin 
(4), aschantin (5), lirioresinol B dimethyl ether (6), pinoresinol monomethy 
ether (7), (+)-de-O-methylmagnolin (8), isoeucommin A (9), syringaresinol 
4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), phillygenin (11), 
lariciresinol-4'-O-β-1-D-glucoside (12), conicaoside (13), (7'S, 
8'R)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferylalcohol (14), 7R*, 8S*-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl 
alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (15), 7S, 8R-erythro-7, 9, 9'-trihydroxy-3, 
3'-dimethoxy-8-O-4'-neolignan 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (16), 7S, 8R-erythro-4, 9, 
9'-trihydroxy-3, 3'-dimethoxy-8-O-4'-neolignan-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (17), and 
(+)-isolariciresinol (18). Compounds 7-18 are isolated from this plant for the 
first time.

Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.2018.0028
PMID: 29676096 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Conflict of interest statement: The authors of this article and the planning 
committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with 
commercial interests to disclose.