Psychoactive Plant Database - Neuroactive Phytochemical Collection

1. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci. 2024 Oct 24;2024:5245451. doi: 10.1155/2024/5245451. 
eCollection 2024.

Ganoderma tuberculosum Liquid Culture With Vineyard Pruning Extracts for 
Bioactive Composite Production With Antiproliferative Activity.

Angulo-Sanchez LT(1), Cruz-Félix MC(1), Vidal-Gutiérrez M(2), Torres-Moreno 
H(3), Muñoz-Bernal ÓA(4), Álvarez-Parrilla E(4), Robles-Zepeda RE(5), 
Álvarez-Bajo O(6), Gutiérrez A(1), Esqueda M(1).

Author information:
(1)Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Gustavo 
Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, La Victoria, Hermosillo CP. 83304, Sonora, Mexico.
(2)Universidad de Sonora, Campus Navojoa, Departamento de Ciencias Químico, 
Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Lázaro Cárdenas del Río 100, Francisco Villa, 
Navojoa CP. 85880, Sonora, Mexico.
(3)Universidad de Sonora, Campus Caborca, Departamento de Ciencias Químico, 
Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Avenida K SN, Eleazar Ortiz, H. Caborca CP. 83600, 
Sonora, Mexico.
(4)Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Av. 
Benjamín Franklin 4650, Condominio La Plata, Ciudad Juárez CP. 32310, Chihuahua, 
Mexico.
(5)Universidad de Sonora, Campus Hermosillo, Departamento de Ciencias Químico 
Biológicas, Blvd. Luis Donaldo Colosio y Rosales s/n, Centro, Hermosillo CP. 
83000, Sonora, Mexico.
(6)Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología-Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis 
Encinas y Rosales s/n, Hermosillo CP. 83000, Sonora, Mexico.

Ganoderma species have been studied for their pharmacological approaches, such 
as anticancer, antitumor, antiproliferative, and antioxidant activity. Elicitors 
are used to increase Ganoderma bioactive composite production. This study aims 
to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of ethanolic extracts from mycelium 
of Ganoderma tuberculosum (G. tuberculosum) grown in a liquid medium with 
vineyard pruning waste (VPW) extracts as elicitors. Ethanolic and aqueous VPW 
extracts contain resveratrol dimer 4, resveratrol tetramer 1, and naringenin, 
while toluene and chloroform extracts contain tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic 
acid, and octadecanoic acid. Polar and nonpolar extracts could be promising 
elicitors for increasing bioactive molecules. Catechin gallate showed the 
highest correlation (r = 0.66) with biomass. Mycelial ethanolic extracts of G. 
tuberculosum (native strain from the Sonoran Desert) and Ganoderma lucidum (G. 
lucidum) (control) were analyzed by ESI-IT-MS, and 27 molecules were identified 
for the two species. They showed antiproliferative activity against the A549 and 
C-33 A cell lines but not for ARPE-19. G. tuberculosum culture with VPW had 
quinic acid, ganodermenonol, ganoderic acid I (GA-I), C2 (GA-C2), and 
20-hydroxylucidenic acid P, among others. Molecular docking of ganodermenonol, 
GA-I, and GA-C2 demonstrates significant interaction with tumor necrotic factor 
(TNF-α). These ethanolic extracts of Ganoderma are promising sources of 
bioactive triterpenoids. Their antiproliferative activity did not change between 
species or treatment. Likewise, the G. tuberculosum and G. lucidum extracts only 
affected cancer cell lines. This property seems promising for pharmacological 
applications of these fungal extracts.

Copyright © 2024 Lucia T. Angulo-Sanchez et al.

DOI: 10.1155/2024/5245451
PMCID: PMC11527534
PMID: 39484305

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.


2. J Diabetes Investig. 2024 Oct 31. doi: 10.1111/jdi.14334. Online ahead of
print.

Serum metabolomics signature of maternally inherited diabetes and deafness by 
gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry.

Cao B(1), Lu H(2), Liu P(2), Zhang Y(3), Wang C(1).

Author information:
(1)Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, 
School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
(2)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of 
Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital 
Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
(3)The Metabolic Disease Biobank, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to 
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to identify a metabolic signature 
of MIDD as compared to healthy controls and other types of diabetes.
METHODS: We performed a comprehensive serum metabolomic analysis using gas 
chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) in participants 
diagnosed with MIDD (n = 14), latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) 
(n = 14), type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 14), and healthy controls (n = 14). Each 
group was matched for gender and age.
RESULTS: There were significant metabolic differences among MIDD and other 
diabetic and control groups. Compared with control, MIDD patients had high 
levels of carbohydrates (glucose, galactose, mannose, sorbose, and maltose), 
fatty acids (2-Hydroxybutyric acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and octadecanoic 
acid), and other metabolites (alanine, threonic acid, cholesterol, lactic acid, 
and gluconic acid), but low level of threonine. Compared with LADA, MIDD 
patients had high levels of threonic acid and some amino acids (alanine, 
tryptophan, histidine, proline, glutamine, and creatine) but low levels of 
serine. Compared with type 2 diabetes mellitus, MIDD patients had high levels of 
citrulline, creatine, 3-Amino-2-piperidone, but low levels of ornithine, fatty 
acids (arachidonic acid and octadecanoic acid), and intermediates of the 
tricarboxylic acid cycle (malic acid and succinic acid).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified a specific metabolic profile related to 
glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle in MIDD that differs from healthy 
controls and other types of diabetes. This unique metabolic signature provides 
new perspectives for understanding the pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms 
of MIDD.

© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Diabetes Investigation published by Asian 
Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, 
Ltd.

DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14334
PMID: 39480690


3. Inflammopharmacology. 2024 Oct 29. doi: 10.1007/s10787-024-01573-1. Online
ahead  of print.

Anti-inflammatory effects of a methanol extract from Montanoa grandiflora DC. 
(Asteraceae) leaves on in vitro and in vivo models.

Sánchez-Canul M(1), Villa-de la Torre F(1), Borges-Argáez R(2), Huchin-Chan 
C(3), Valencia-Pacheco G(4), Yáñez-Barrientos E(5), Romero-Hernández M(5), 
Alonso-Castro AJ(6), Arana-Argáez VE(7).

Author information:
(1)Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de 
Yucatán, Calle 43, No 613 x calle 90, Col. Inalámbrica, CP. 97069, Mérida, 
Yucatán, México.
(2)Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Biotecnología, 
Mérida, Yucatán, México.
(3)Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos y de Servicio a La Comunidad, Facultad de 
Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
(4)Laboratorio de Hematología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo 
Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
(5)Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, 
Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México.
(6)Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, 
Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México.
(7)Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de 
Yucatán, Calle 43, No 613 x calle 90, Col. Inalámbrica, CP. 97069, Mérida, 
Yucatán, México. victor.arana@correo.uady.mx.

BACKGROUND: Montanoa grandiflora, a plant species native from Mexico to Central 
America, locally known as "Teresita" in Yucatán, México, is used to alleviate 
anxiety, rheumatism, and stomach issues. This study aims to investigate the 
anti-inflammatory properties of the methanol extract of Montanoa grandiflora 
leaves (MMG) in experimental models of inflammation.
METHODS: Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy was used to characterize the MMG; 
cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay on murine macrophages and hemolysis 
assay. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated on LPS-stimulated 
murine macrophages by measuring of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, NO and 
H2O2 release. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using 
carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate 
induced-ear edema, and 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene induced-delayed-type 
hypersensitivity. In addition, the serum levels of prostaglandins and 
leukotrienes were assessed.
RESULTS: The main compounds found in MMG were terpenes (i.e., β-caryophyllene, 
(-)-α-cubebene, alloaromadendrene, ( +)-δ-cadinene, β-eudesmol), alkaloid 
(( ±)-nor-β-hydrastine), cyclic polyol (quinic acid), carbohydrates and their 
derivatives, and fatty acids (octadecatrienoic acid and octadecanoic acid). MMG 
did not exhibit cytotoxic or hemolytic activity. However, it demonstrated in 
vitro anti-inflammatory effects by increasing the production of IL-10, 
decreasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NO and H2O2. MMG significantly 
reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema, TPA-induced ear edema, and DNFB-induced 
delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice with effects comparable to those of 
standard drugs, as well as serum levels of prostaglandins and leukotrienes.
CONCLUSION: The anti-inflammatory activity of MMG is associated with increased 
IL-10 levels and inhibiting inflammatory cell migration mechanisms, without 
causing cytotoxic or hemolytic damage in both in vitro and in vivo assays.

© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland 
AG.

DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01573-1
PMID: 39472421


4. Trop Life Sci Res. 2024 Oct;35(3):1-21. doi: 10.21315/tlsr2024.35.3.1. Epub
2024  Oct 7.

Investigation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Sunda Porcupine's 
(Hystrix javanica, F.Cuvier, 1823) Quills Ethanolic Crude Extract.

Budiman MA(1), Ferdian PR(2), Handayani TH(2), Elfirta RR(3), Masrukhin(4), 
Nugroho HA(3), Phadmachanty NLPR(2), Farida WR(2), Widyastuti A(5), Sugiartanti 
DD(6).

Author information:
(1)Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Tangerang 
City, Banten 15153, Indonesia.
(2)Research Centre for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency 
(BRIN), Bogor, West Java 16911, Indonesia.
(3)Research Centre for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation 
Agency (BRIN), Bogor, West Java 16911, Indonesia.
(4)Research Centre for Biosystematic and Evolution, National Research and 
Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, West Java 16911, Indonesia.
(5)DialoVet Animal Care, Bogor, West Java 16913, Indonesia.
(6)Indonesian Institute for Testing Standard Instrument of Veterinary, Bogor, 
West Java 16124, Indonesia.

The Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica, F.Cuvier, 1823) is a rodent-mammal 
species native to Indonesia and is utilised in traditional medicine for the 
treatment of various ailments. Some ethnic communities in Indonesia have 
traditional beliefs regarding Sunda porcupine's quills, which are thought to 
relieve back pain and toothache. Despite this traditional knowledge, there is 
limited scientific research on the topic. The aim of this study was to identify 
active compound in an ethanolic crude extract of Sunda porcupine's quills, and 
to evaluate its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The antioxidant 
activity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-free radical 
scavenging assay while the antimicrobial activity was evaluated through 
microdilution resazurin assay. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 
also determined to support the antioxidant properties. The active compounds were 
identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GCMS) with the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST-11) library. The result 
showed that the extract possesses antioxidant properties (IC50 138.93 μg/mL) and 
antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus 
aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. 
aeruginosa) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) (IC50 range 0.40 mg/mL-33.05 
mg/mL). Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were 
27.29 ± 2.20 mgGAE/g and 27.09 ± 1.66 mgQE/g, respectively. A total of 24 active 
compounds from the crude extract were identified. As much as five compounds 
serve as antioxidant agents, including: butylated hydroxytoluene; eicosane; 
1-iodo-hexadecane; methyl ester hexadecanoic acid; and L-(+)-ascorbic acid 
2,6-dihexadecanoate. Furthermore, as much as 11 compounds serve as antimicrobial 
agents, including: tetradecane; pentadecane; 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1-heptanol; 
hexadecane; butylated hydroxytoluene; eicosane; 1-iodo-hexadecane; methyl ester 
hexadecanoic acid; benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-, 
methyl ester; L-(+)-ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate; and octadecanoic acid. 
This study provides scientific validation for the use of the Sunda porcupine's 
quills in traditional medicine and highlights the potential for further research 
in animal bioprospecting.

© Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2024.

DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2024.35.3.1
PMCID: PMC11507975
PMID: 39464659


5. Microb Ecol. 2024 Oct 17;87(1):131. doi: 10.1007/s00248-024-02437-5.

Streptomyces fradiae Mitigates the Impact of Potato Virus Y by Inducing Systemic 
Resistance in Two Egyptian Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivars.

Mohammed FA(1), Abu-Hussien SH(2), Dougdoug NKE(3), Koutb N(4), Korayem AS(5).

Author information:
(1)Botany Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain 
Shams University, Cairo, 11757, Egypt.
(2)Agricultural Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams 
University, Cairo, 11241, Egypt. samah_hashem1@agr.asu.edu.eg.
(3)Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, 
Benha, Egypt.
(4)Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 
11241, Egypt.
(5)Agricultural Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams 
University, Cairo, 11241, Egypt.

In this study, the impact of culture media filtrate of QD3 actinobacterial 
isolate on two potato cultivars, Spunta and Diamond, infected with potato virus 
Y (PVY) was investigated. Various parameters, including infection percentage, 
PVY virus infectivity, disease severity scoring, PVY optical density, 
photosynthetic and defense-related biochemical markers, enzymatic profiling, 
phenolic compounds, proline content, salicylic acid levels, and growth and yield 
parameters, were assessed to elucidate the potential of the QD3 actinobacterial 
isolate culture filtrate in mitigating PVY-induced damage. The physiological and 
biochemical characteristics of the QD3 actinobacterial isolate, including its 
salinity tolerance, pH preferences, and metabolic traits, were investigated. 
Molecular identification via 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed its 
classification as Streptomyces fradiae QD3, and it was deposited in GenBank with 
the gene accession number MN160630. Distinct responses between Spunta and 
Diamond cultivars, with Spunta displaying greater resistance to PVY infection. 
Notably, pre-infection foliar application of the QD3 filtrate significantly 
reduced disease symptoms and virus infection in both cultivars. For post-PVY 
infection, the QD3 filtrate effectively mitigated disease severity and the PVY 
optical density. Furthermore, the QD3 filtrate positively influenced 
photosynthetic pigments, enzymatic antioxidant activities, and key biochemical 
components associated with plant defense mechanisms. Gas chromatography‒mass 
spectrometry (GC‒MS) analysis revealed palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid, methyl 
ester) and oleic acid (9-octadecanoic acid, methyl ester) as the most prominent 
compounds, with retention times of 23.23 min and 26.41 min, representing 53.27% 
and 23.25%, respectively, of the total peak area as primary unsaturated fatty 
acids and demonstrating antiviral effects against plant viruses. Cytotoxicity 
assays on normal human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) revealed the safety of QD3 
metabolites, with low discernible toxicity at high concentrations, reinforcing 
their potential as safe and effective interventions. The phytotoxicity results 
indicate that all the seeds presented high germination rates of approximately 
95-98%, suggesting that the treatment conditions had no phytotoxic effect on the 
Brassica oleracea (broccoli) seeds, Lactuca sativa (lettuce) seeds, and Eruca 
sativa (arugula or rocket) seeds. Overall, the results of this study suggest 
that the S. fradiae filtrate has promising anti-PVY properties, influencing 
various physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects in potato cultivars. 
These findings provide valuable insights into potential strategies for managing 
PVY infections in potato crops, emphasizing the importance of 
Streptomyces-derived interventions in enhancing plant health and crop 
protection.

© 2024. The Author(s).

DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02437-5
PMCID: PMC11486777
PMID: 39419884 [Indexed for MEDLINE]

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no competing interests.